OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS FOR PREVENTION OF THE EMOTIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME IN SOCIONOMIC PROFILE SPECIALISTS BY DIFFERENT PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC METHODS

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical analysis of 25 psychotherapeutic methods through the prism of their potential in the prevention of burnout among specialists of socionomic professions (teachers, psychologists, physicians, social workers, military psychologists). Burnout is considered in line with ICD-11 (QD85) and the three-dimensional model of C. Maslach. The effectiveness of the methods is assessed on the basis of the List of psychotherapeutic methods with proven effectiveness approved by Order No. 2118 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 13.12.2023, as well as data from international meta-analyses and national empirical studies. For each method the theoretical foundations, psychological mechanisms and possibilities of practical application in preventive programs are revealed. The methods of the cognitive-behavioural group (CBT, RET, schema therapy, DBT, MBT, EFT, IPT), mindfulness-based approaches (MBSR, MBCT, ACT), humanistic and existential methods, psychodynamic therapy and experience-based methods (symboldrama, art therapy, psychodrama, EMDR) are analysed. Special attention is paid to positive psychotherapy by Nossrat Peseschkian as an integrative method included in the list of methods with proven effectiveness. Its balance model, the concept of actual capacities and the four models of imitation are described. Empirical data confirm significant correlations between the imbalance of vital energy and all burnout components. It is substantiated that positive psychotherapy can serve as a sound methodological base for building integrative preventive programs. Prospects include randomized controlled trials, differentiated programs for different categories of specialists, and studies of online formats and trans-cultural aspects of burnout prevention in wartime.