COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEADING PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSONALITY TYPOLOGIES

Abstract

The article provides a thorough theoretical analysis of the main concepts of personality typology presented in the works of K. Horney, K. Jung, E. Kretschmer, W. Sheldon, G. Heymans and R. Le Senne and K. Leonhard. The features of each approach to personality classification are revealed, their conceptual foundations, typology criteria and possibilities of practical application in psychology are determined. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of classical psychological typologies with the modern behavioral model DISC and the archetypal concept of M. Mark and K. Pearson. The common and distinctive features of these models are analyzed, and the possibilities of their complementarity in the process of studying individual psychological characteristics of a person are determined. The relationship between psychological types and archetypes according to M. Mark and K. Pearson, which reflect the deep motivational structures of the personality and are widely used in psychological counseling, communication, marketing, branding, and organizational psychology, is separately considered.

Based on the analysis, it was established that, despite the differences in theoretical foundations, methodological approaches, and classification criteria, there are significant common behavioral, emotional, and motivational characteristics between the considered typological models. This gives reason to consider them as complementary tools for the comprehensive study of personality, which make it possible to more fully describe the individual characteristics of a person, predict his behavior in various social situations, and increase the efficiency of professional interaction. The prospects of the integrated use of classical psychological typologies, the DISC model, and the archetypal concept for psychological diagnostics, professional counseling, personnel management, development of leadership competencies, team formation, improvement of interpersonal communication, and construction of effective interaction strategies in the educational, organizational, and business environments are shown.