DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY ORIENTATION IN ONTOGENESIS

Abstract

The article considers three conditional stages (asocial orientation in childhood, adolescence and youth), identified on the basis of an analysis of the similarities and differences in the manifestations of asocial orientation of personalities of different age groups, similar to the development of aggression and antisocial behaviour in different periods of ontogenesis according to Patterson. The peculiarity of deviant behaviour and antisocial orientation of the personality at all stages of ontogenesis is determined according to age. Analysis of data on the development of these deviations clearly shows the peculiarity of each of them at different age stages. At the same time, it is characteristic that various forms of behaviour associated with health risks are not only actualised at different age stages, but also have, most likely, a special cultural significance, which at a certain age is one of the means of self-regulation for schoolchildren and students, as well as a solution to certain age-appropriate social status tasks.

Researchers identify typical reasons for the formation of antisocial tendencies and deviant behaviour in younger schoolchildren: low level of school maturity; difficulties in mastering the role of a student and meeting the requirements and norms of the educational institution; lack of stable motivation to learn, depersonalisation; high fatigue, exhaustion of mental processes; intolerance of educational load; conflicts with teachers; low sociometric status of the child in a peer group. Antisocial tendencies in adolescence most often manifested themselves in the following forms: in male students – involvement in antisocial groups, crimes against the person, theft, robbery, criminal business, alcohol and drug use; in female students, sexual addiction, early sexual activity, prostitution, alcohol consumption, running away from home, and increased aggression are more common.